Product Name: gamma-Butyrolactone

Other Name: GBL

CAS: 96-48-0

MF: C4H6O2

MW: 86.09

EINECS: 202-509-5

Chemical Properties:

MP: -45 °C(lit.)

BP: 204-205 °C(lit.)

FP: 209 °F

density 1.12 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

vapor density 3 (vs air)

vapor pressure 1.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

storage temp. 2-8°C

Water Solubility MISCIBLE

Stability: Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong

bases, strong reducing agents.

Appearance: colourless oily liquid

Safety Information:

Hazard Codes Xn,F

Risk Statements 22-36-67-41-20/21/22-11

Safety Statements 26-36-39-36/37-16

WGK Germany 1

RTECS LU3500000

HS Code 29322980

Description:

γ-butyrolactone is a hygroscopic colorless liquid with a weak characteristic odor which is soluble

in water. is a common solvent and reagent in chemistry as well as being used as a flavouring, as

a cleaning solvent, as a superglue remover, and as a solvent in some wet aluminium electrolytic

capacitors. In humans it acts as a prodrug for, and it is used as a recreational intoxicant with

effects similar to alcohol.

γ-butyrolactone has been found in extracts from samples of unadulterated wines. This finding

indicates that γ-butyrolactone is a naturally occurring component in some wines and may be

present in similar products. The concentration detected was approximately 5 μg/mL and was

easily observed using a simple extraction technique followed by GC/MS analysis. γ-butyrolactone

can be found in cheese flavourings but typically results in a content of 0.0002% γ-butyrolactone in

the final foodstuff.

Under acidic conditions it forms an equilibrium mixture of both compounds. These compounds

then may go on to form a polymer. When treated with a non-nucleophilic base, like lithium

diisopropylamide, γ-butyrolactone can become an alpha-carbon nucleophile. The related

compound caprolactone can be used to make a polyester in this manner. γ-butyrolactone is not

active in its own right; its mechanism of action stems from its identity as a prodrug of .The

hypnotic effect of is enhanced by combination with alcohol. A 2003 rat study showed that γ-

butyrolactone in combination with ethanol showed a potentiated hypnotic effect, as the sleep-

timing measure was longer than both of the individual components combined

γ-butyrolactone is rapidly converted into by paraoxonase (lactonase) enzymes, found in the blood.

Animals which lack these enzymes exhibit no effect from γ-butyrolactone. γ-butyrolactone is more

lipophilic (fat soluble) than, and so is absorbed faster and has higher bioavailability. Because of

these pharmacokinetic differences, γ-butyrolactone tends to be more potent and faster-acting

than, but has a shorter duration; whereas the related compound 1,4-butanediol (1,4-B) tends to

be slightly less potent, slower to take effect but longer-acting than.

Application:

Under acidic conditions it forms an equilibrium mixture of both compounds. These compounds

then may go on to form a polymer. When treated with a non-nucleophilic base, like lithium

diisopropylamide, γ-butyrolactone can become an alpha-carbon nucleophile. The related

compound caprolactone can be used to make a polyester in this manner.

γ-butyrolactone is not active in its own right; its mechanism of action stems from its identity as a

prodrug of .

The hypnotic effect of is enhanced by combination with alcohol. A 2003 rat study showed that γ-

butyrolactone in combination with ethanol showed a potentiated hypnotic effect, as the sleep-

timing measure was longer than both of the individual components combined

γ-butyrolactone is a non-toxic transparent liquid in the shape of oil. It can be mixed with water and

dissolved by ethanol ether, benzene and acetone. It can dissolve many other organic and

inorganic compound. Using γ-butyrolactone is very safe and convenient, because it is a liquid

with high boiling, powerful solvency, good electrical and stability properties. γ-butyrolactone is an

important organic synthetic raw material and a fine solvent. It is mainly used as synthetic

pyrolidone series products cyclopropylamine acetyl-r-butyrolactone, besides these, γ-

butyrolactone is also used as solvent for agricultural chemicals, polymer, dyestuff and printing.

Using γ-butyrolactone as raw material, we can produce aromatic chemicals, medicinal

intermediates and rust remover.

Function:

1 ) It can be used to synthesize pyrrolidone products

2 ) It can be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, such as Cyclopropylamine and vitamin

3 ) It can be used as a pesticide intermediate, such as herbicide and plant growth regulator

4 ) It can be used for alkenes, alkynes extraction agent, absorbent and dispersing agent

5 ) It can be used to synthesize resin as an antioxidant, plasticizer, dispersing agent, fixing agent

and solvent

6 ) It can be used to synthesize fiber spinning solvent, coagulant, dyeing assistant and antistatic

agent

7 ) It can be used as a raw material of color film former, electrolyte, capacitor and ink lubricant

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